beta-Pompilidotoxin (T3D2491)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesGene RegulationTargets (10)XML
Targets (10)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2009-07-03 22:18:57 UTC
Update Date2014-12-24 20:25:36 UTC
Accession NumberT3D2491
Identification
Common Namebeta-Pompilidotoxin
ClassProtein
Descriptionbeta-Pompilidotoxin is a toxin from the venom of the Solitary wasp (Batozonellus maculifrons). It is named after the pompilidae wasp family. (2)
Compound Type
  • Amide
  • Amine
  • Animal Toxin
  • Insect Toxin
  • Natural Compound
  • Organic Compound
  • Protein
Protein StructureT3d2491
Synonyms
Synonym
b-PMTX
b-Pompilidotoxin
beta PMTX
beta-PMTX
Chemical FormulaNot Available
Average Molecular Mass1558.860 g/mol
CAS Registry Number216064-36-7
SequenceNot Available
Chemical Taxonomy
DescriptionNot Available
KingdomOrganic Compounds
Super ClassOrganic Acids
ClassCarboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub ClassAmino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct ParentPeptides
Alternative ParentsNot Available
SubstituentsNot Available
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External DescriptorsNot Available
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
AppearanceClear solution.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility>10 mg/mL
LogPNot Available
Predicted PropertiesNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureInjection (sting/bite) (3)
Mechanism of ToxicityPompilidotoxin slows down inactivation of neuronal, but not heart sodium channels, potentiating synaptic transmission. This is believed to be done by binding to the neurotoxin receptor site 3 on the extracellular surface of the sodium channel. (2, 1)
MetabolismFree toxin may be removed by opsonization via the reticuloendothelial system (primarily the liver and kidneys) or it may be degraded through cellular internalization via the lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of digestive enzymes, including several proteases.
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/Sourcesbeta-Pompilidotoxin is a toxin from the venom of the Solitary wasp (Batozonellus maculifrons). (2)
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health Effectsbeta-Pompilidotoxin is neurotoxic. (1)
SymptomsWasp and bee stings cause local pain and swelling. In some individuals an allergic reaction may result, which is usually anaphylactic and can be deadly. (4)
TreatmentNot Available
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDNot Available
PubChem Compound IDNot Available
ChEMBL IDNot Available
ChemSpider IDNot Available
KEGG IDNot Available
UniProt IDP69392
OMIM ID
ChEBI IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
CTD IDNot Available
Stitch IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ACToR IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
  3. Wikipedia. Insect toxins. Last Updated 19 February 2009. [Link]
  4. Wikipedia. Bee sting. Last Updated 5 August 2009. [Link]
Gene Regulation
Up-Regulated GenesNot Available
Down-Regulated GenesNot Available

Targets

Target Details
1. Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
Gene Name:
SCN1A
Uniprot ID:
P35498
Molecular Weight:
228969.49 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
2. Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
Tetrodotoxin-resistant channel that mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Plays a role in neuropathic pain mechanisms.
Gene Name:
SCN10A
Uniprot ID:
Q9Y5Y9
Molecular Weight:
220623.605 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
3. Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel isoform. Also involved, with the contribution of the receptor tyrosine kinase NTRK2, in rapid BDNF-evoked neuronal depolarization.
Gene Name:
SCN11A
Uniprot ID:
Q9UI33
Molecular Weight:
204919.66 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
4. Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
Gene Name:
SCN2A
Uniprot ID:
Q99250
Molecular Weight:
227972.64 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
5. Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
Gene Name:
SCN3A
Uniprot ID:
Q9NY46
Molecular Weight:
226291.905 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
6. Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. This sodium channel may be present in both denervated and innervated skeletal muscle.
Gene Name:
SCN4A
Uniprot ID:
P35499
Molecular Weight:
208059.175 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
7. Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in sa node cell action potential
Specific Function:
This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channel isoform. This channel is responsible for the initial upstroke of the action potential. Channel inactivation is regulated by intracellular calcium levels.
Gene Name:
SCN5A
Uniprot ID:
Q14524
Molecular Weight:
226937.475 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
8. Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
Gene Name:
SCN7A
Uniprot ID:
Q01118
Molecular Weight:
193491.605 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
9. Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. In macrophages and melanoma cells, isoform 5 may participate in the control of podosome and invadopodia formation.
Gene Name:
SCN8A
Uniprot ID:
Q9UQD0
Molecular Weight:
225278.005 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]
Target Details
10. Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha
General Function:
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Specific Function:
Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na(+) channel isoform. Plays a role in pain mechanisms, especially in the development of inflammatory pain (By similarity).
Gene Name:
SCN9A
Uniprot ID:
Q15858
Molecular Weight:
226370.175 Da
References
  1. Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of sodium current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. [10886337 ]
  2. Wikipedia. Pompilidotoxin. Last Updated 24 June 2009. [Link]