T3DB: Glutamate decarboxylase 2

Name	Glutamate decarboxylase 2
Synonyms	4.1.1.15 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD-65 GAD65 Glutamate decarboxylase 65 kDa isoform
Gene Name	GAD2
Organism	Human
Amino acid sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0001201\|Glutamate decarboxylase 2 MASPGSGFWSFGSEDGSGDSENPGTARAWCQVAQKFTGGIGNKLCALLYGDAEKPAESGG SQPPRAAARKAACACDQKPCSCSKVDVNYAFLHATDLLPACDGERPTLAFLQDVMNILLQ YVVKSFDRSTKVIDFHYPNELLQEYNWELADQPQNLEEILMHCQTTLKYAIKTGHPRYFN QLSTGLDMVGLAADWLTSTANTNMFTYEIAPVFVLLEYVTLKKMREIIGWPGGSGDGIFS PGGAISNMYAMMIARFKMFPEVKEKGMAALPRLIAFTSEHSHFSLKKGAAALGIGTDSVI LIKCDERGKMIPSDLERRILEAKQKGFVPFLVSATAGTTVYGAFDPLLAVADICKKYKIW MHVDAAWGGGLLMSRKHKWKLSGVERANSVTWNPHKMMGVPLQCSALLVREEGLMQNCNQ MHASYLFQQDKHYDLSYDTGDKALQCGRHVDVFKLWLMWRAKGTTGFEAHVDKCLELAEY LYNIIKNREGYEMVFDGKPQHTNVCFWYIPPSLRTLEDNEERMSRLSKVAPVIKARMMEY GTTMVSYQPLGDKVNFFRMVISNPAATHQDIDFLIEEIERLGQDL
Number of residues	585
Molecular Weight	65410.77
Theoretical pI	6.89
GO Classification	Functions glutamate decarboxylase activity glutamate binding pyridoxal phosphate binding Processes glutamate decarboxylation to succinate response to drug synaptic transmission neurotransmitter secretion neurotransmitter biosynthetic process Components plasma membrane inhibitory synapse cell junction cytosol perinuclear region of cytoplasm Golgi membrane presynaptic membrane axon anchored component of membrane synaptic vesicle membrane clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle membrane
General Function	Pyridoxal phosphate binding
Specific Function	Catalyzes the production of GABA.
Pfam Domain Function	Pyridoxal_deC (PF00282 )
Transmembrane Regions	Not Available
GenBank Protein ID	182934
UniProtKB ID	Q05329
UniProtKB Entry Name	DCE2_HUMAN
Cellular Location	Cytoplasm
Gene sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0018979\|Glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2) ATGGCATCTCCGGGCTCTGGCTTTTGGTCTTTCGGGTCGGAAGATGGCTCTGGGGATTCC GAGAATCCCGGCACAGCGCGAGCCTGGTGCCAAGTGGCTCAGAAGTTCACGGGCGGCATC GGAAACAAACTGTGCGCCCTGCTCTACGGAGACGCCGAGAAGCCGGCGGAGAGCGGCGGG AGCCAACCCCCGCGGGCCGCCGCCCGGAAGGCCGCCTGCGCCTGCGACCAGAAGCCCTGC AGCTGCTCCAAAGTGGATGTCAACTACGCGTTTCTCCATGCAACAGACCTGCTGCCGGCG TGTGATGGAGAAAGGCCCACTTTGGCGTTTCTGCAAGATGTTATGAACATTTTACTTCAG TATGTGGTGAAAAGTTTCGATAGATCAACCAAAGTGATTGATTTCCATTATCCTAATGAG CTTCTCCAAGAATATAATTGGGAATTGGCAGACCAACCACAAAATTTGGAGGAAATTTTG ATGCATTGCCAAACAACTCTAAAATATGCAATTAAAACAGGGCATCCTAGATACTTCAAT CAACTTTCTACTGGTTTGGATATGGTTGGATTAGCAGCAGACTGGCTGACATCAACAGCA AATACTAACATGTTCACCTATGAAATTGCTCCAGTATTTGTGCTTTTGGAATATGTCACA CTAAAGAAAATGAGAGAAATCATTGGCTGGCCAGGGGGCTCTGGCGATGGGATATTTTCT CCCGGTGGCGCCATATCTAACATGTATGCCATGATGATCGCACGCTTTAAGATGTTCCCA GAAGTCAAGGAGAAAGGAATGGCTGCTCTTCCCAGGCTCATTGCCTTCACGTCTGAACAT AGTCATTTTTCTCTCAAGAAGGGAGCTGCAGCCTTAGGGATTGGAACAGACAGCGTGATT CTGATTAAATGTGATGAGAGAGGGAAAATGATTCCATCTGATCTTGAAAGAAGGATTCTT GAAGCCAAACAGAAAGGGTTTGTTCCTTTCCTCGTGAGTGCCACAGCTGGAACCACCGTG TACGGAGCATTTGACCCCCTCTTAGCTGTCGCTGACATTTGCAAAAAGTATAAGATCTGG ATGCATGTGGATGCAGCTTGGGGTGGGGGATTACTGATGTCCCGAAAACACAAGTGGAAA CTGAGTGGCGTGGAGAGGGCCAACTCTGTGACGTGGAATCCACACAAGATGATGGGAGTC CCTTTGCAGTGCTCTGCTCTCCTGGTTAGAGAAGAGGGATTGATGCAGAATTGCAACCAA ATGCATGCCTCCTACCTCTTTCAGCAAGATAAACATTATGACCTGTCCTATGACACTGGA GACAAGGCCTTACAGTGCGGACGCCACGTTGATGTTTTTAAACTATGGCTGATGTGGAGG GCAAAGGGGACTACCGGGTTTGAAGCGCATGTTGATAAATGTTTGGAGTTGGCAGAGTAT TTATACAACATCATAAAAAACCGAGAAGGATATGAGATGGTGTTTGATGGGAAGCCTCAG CACACAAATGTCTGCTTCTGGTACATTCCTCCAAGCTTGCGTACTCTGGAAGACAATGAA GAGAGAATGAGTCGCCTCTCGAAGGTGGCTCCAGTGATTAAAGCCAGAATGATGGAGTAT GGAACCACAATGGTCAGCTACCAACCCTTGGGAGACAAGGTCAATTTCTTCCGCATGGTC ATCTCAAACCCAGCGGCAACTCACCAAGACATTGACTTCCTGATTGAAGAAATAGAACGC CTTGGACAAGATTTATAA
GenBank Gene ID	M81882
GeneCard ID	Not Available
GenAtlas ID	GAD2
HGNC ID	HGNC:4093
Chromosome Location	10
Locus	10p11.23
References	Karlsen AE, Hagopian WA, Grubin CE, Dube S, Disteche CM, Adler DA, Barmeier H, Mathewes S, Grant FJ, Foster D, et al.: Cloning and primary structure of a human islet isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase from chromosome 10. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8337-41. 1924293 Bu DF, Erlander MG, Hitz BC, Tillakaratne NJ, Kaufman DL, Wagner-McPherson CB, Evans GA, Tobin AJ: Two human glutamate decarboxylases, 65-kDa GAD and 67-kDa GAD, are each encoded by a single gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Mar 15;89(6):2115-9. 1549570 Bu DF, Tobin AJ: The exon-intron organization of the genes (GAD1 and GAD2) encoding two human glutamate decarboxylases (GAD67 and GAD65) suggests that they derive from a common ancestral GAD. Genomics. 1994 May 1;21(1):222-8. 8088791 Mauch L, Abney CC, Berg H, Scherbaum WA, Liedvogel B, Northemann W: Characterization of a linear epitope within the human pancreatic 64-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase and its autoimmune recognition by sera from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Mar 1;212(2):597-603. 7680313 Kim J, Richter W, Aanstoot HJ, Shi Y, Fu Q, Rajotte R, Warnock G, Baekkeskov S: Differential expression of GAD65 and GAD67 in human, rat, and mouse pancreatic islets. Diabetes. 1993 Dec;42(12):1799-808. 8243826 Namchuk M, Lindsay L, Turck CW, Kanaani J, Baekkeskov S: Phosphorylation of serine residues 3, 6, 10, and 13 distinguishes membrane anchored from soluble glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and is restricted to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65alpha. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jan 17;272(3):1548-57. 8999827 Kanaani J, el-Husseini Ael-D, Aguilera-Moreno A, Diacovo JM, Bredt DS, Baekkeskov S: A combination of three distinct trafficking signals mediates axonal targeting and presynaptic clustering of GAD65. J Cell Biol. 2002 Sep 30;158(7):1229-38. 12356867 Corper AL, Stratmann T, Apostolopoulos V, Scott CA, Garcia KC, Kang AS, Wilson IA, Teyton L: A structural framework for deciphering the link between I-Ag7 and autoimmune diabetes. Science. 2000 Apr 21;288(5465):505-11. 10775108 Fenalti G, Law RH, Buckle AM, Langendorf C, Tuck K, Rosado CJ, Faux NG, Mahmood K, Hampe CS, Banga JP, Wilce M, Schmidberger J, Rossjohn J, El-Kabbani O, Pike RN, Smith AI, Mackay IR, Rowley MJ, Whisstock JC: GABA production by glutamic acid decarboxylase is regulated by a dynamic catalytic loop. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Apr;14(4):280-6. Epub 2007 Mar 25. 17384644