Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2

NameGuanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2
Synonyms
  • GNATC
  • Transducin alpha-2 chain
Gene NameGNAT2
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0017685|Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2
MGSGASAEDKELAKRSKELEKKLQEDADKEAKTVKLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQMKIIHQDG
YSPEECLEFKAIIYGNVLQSILAIIRAMTTLGIDYAEPSCADDGRQLNNLADSIEEGTMP
PELVEVIRRLWKDGGVQACFERAAEYQLNDSASYYLNQLERITDPEYLPSEQDVLRSRVK
TTGIIETKFSVKDLNFRMFDVGGQRSERKKWIHCFEGVTCIIFCAALSAYDMVLVEDDEV
NRMHESLHLFNSICNHKFFAATSIVLFLNKKDLFEEKIKKVHLSICFPEYDGNNSYDDAG
NYIKSQFLDLNMRKDVKEIYSHMTCATDTQNVKFVFDAVTDIIIKENLKDCGLF
Number of residues354
Molecular Weight40175.435
Theoretical pINot Available
GO Classification
Functions
  • metal ion binding
  • G-protein coupled photoreceptor activity
  • GTP binding
  • GTPase activity
  • G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding
  • G-protein coupled receptor binding
Processes
  • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
  • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
  • adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
  • detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception
  • retinal cone cell development
  • response to light intensity
  • detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste
  • phototransduction
  • visual perception
Components
  • cytosol
  • photoreceptor inner segment
  • photoreceptor outer segment membrane
  • photoreceptor outer segment
  • plasma membrane
  • heterotrimeric G-protein complex
General FunctionMetal ion binding
Specific FunctionGuanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Transducin is an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between rhodopsin and cGMP-phosphodiesterase.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein IDNot Available
UniProtKB IDP19087
UniProtKB Entry NameGNAT2_HUMAN
Cellular LocationNot Available
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0017686|Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2 (GNAT2)
ATGGGAAGTGGAGCCAGTGCTGAGGACAAAGAACTGGCCAAGAGGTCCAAGGAGCTAGAA
AAGAAGCTGCAGGAGGATGCTGATAAGGAAGCCAAGACTGTCAAGCTGCTACTGCTGGGT
GCTGGGGAGTCAGGAAAGAGCACCATCGTCAAACAGATGAAGATCATTCACCAGGATGGC
TATTCACCAGAAGAATGCCTGGAGTTCAAGGCTATCATCTATGGAAATGTGCTGCAGTCC
ATCCTGGCTATCATCCGGGCCATGACCACACTGGGCATCGATTATGCTGAACCAAGCTGT
GCGGATGACGGGCGACAGCTCAACAACCTGGCTGACTCCATTGAGGAGGGAACCATGCCT
CCTGAGCTCGTGGAGGTCATTAGGAGGTTGTGGAAGGATGGTGGGGTGCAAGCCTGCTTC
GAGAGAGCTGCAGAATACCAGCTTAATGACTCCGCATCTTACTACCTGAACCAATTAGAA
CGAATTACAGACCCTGAGTACCTCCCTAGTGAGCAAGATGTGCTCCGATCCAGAGTCAAA
ACCACGGGCATCATTGAAACCAAGTTTTCCGTCAAAGACTTGAATTTCAGGATGTTTGAT
GTGGGAGGGCAGAGATCCGAGAGAAAGAAGTGGATCCACTGCTTCGAGGGAGTCACCTGC
ATCATTTTCTGTGCAGCCCTCAGTGCCTATGATATGGTGCTGGTGGAAGATGACGAAGTG
AATCGTATGCATGAGTCTTTGCATCTGTTCAACAGCATATGTAACCACAAATTCTTTGCG
GCTACTTCCATTGTCCTCTTTCTCAACAAGAAGGACCTCTTTGAGGAAAAAATCAAGAAA
GTCCATCTCAGCATTTGTTTTCCAGAGTATGATGGTAACAACTCCTATGATGATGCGGGG
AATTACATAAAGAGCCAGTTCCTTGACCTCAATATGCGAAAAGATGTCAAAGAAATCTAC
AGTCACATGACCTGTGCTACAGATACACAGAATGTCAAATTTGTGTTTGATGCAGTTACA
GATATTATCATCAAAGAAAACCTCAAGGACTGCGGCCTCTTCTAA
GenBank Gene IDNot Available
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDNot Available
HGNC IDHGNC:4394
Chromosome Location1
LocusNot Available
References
  1. Lerea CL, Bunt-Milam AH, Hurley JB: Alpha transducin is present in blue-, green-, and red-sensitive cone photoreceptors in the human retina. Neuron. 1989 Sep;3(3):367-76. 2534964
  2. Kubo M, Hirano T, Kakinuma M: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA and genomic DNA for the human cone transducin alpha subunit. FEBS Lett. 1991 Oct 21;291(2):245-8. 1936270
  3. Morris TA, Fong SL: Characterization of the gene encoding human cone transducin alpha-subunit (GNAT2). Genomics. 1993 Aug;17(2):442-8. 8406495
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. 15489334
  5. Kohl S, Baumann B, Rosenberg T, Kellner U, Lorenz B, Vadala M, Jacobson SG, Wissinger B: Mutations in the cone photoreceptor G-protein alpha-subunit gene GNAT2 in patients with achromatopsia. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Aug;71(2):422-5. Epub 2002 Jun 20. 12077706
  6. Nishiguchi KM, Sandberg MA, Gorji N, Berson EL, Dryja TP: Cone cGMP-gated channel mutations and clinical findings in patients with achromatopsia, macular degeneration, and other hereditary cone diseases. Hum Mutat. 2005 Mar;25(3):248-58. 15712225