Retinal dehydrogenase 1

NameRetinal dehydrogenase 1
Synonyms
  • 1.2.1.36
  • ALDC
  • Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1
  • Aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic
  • ALDH-E1
  • ALDH1
  • ALHDII
  • PUMB1
  • RALDH 1
Gene NameALDH1A1
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016129|Retinal dehydrogenase 1
MSSSGTPDLPVLLTDLKIQYTKIFINNEWHDSVSGKKFPVFNPATEEELCQVEEGDKEDV
DKAVKAARQAFQIGSPWRTMDASERGRLLYKLADLIERDRLLLATMESMNGGKLYSNAYL
NDLAGCIKTLRYCAGWADKIQGRTIPIDGNFFTYTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLVMLIWKI
GPALSCGNTVVVKPAEQTPLTALHVASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGYGPTAGAAISSHMDID
KVAFTGSTEVGKLIKEAAGKSNLKRVTLELGGKSPCIVLADADLDNAVEFAHHGVFYHQG
QCCIAASRIFVEESIYDEFVRRSVERAKKYILGNPLTPGVTQGPQIDKEQYDKILDLIES
GKKEGAKLECGGGPWGNKGYFVQPTVFSNVTDEMRIAKEEIFGPVQQIMKFKSLDDVIKR
ANNTFYGLSAGVFTKDIDKAITISSALQAGTVWVNCYGVVSAQCPFGGFKMSGNGRELGE
YGFHEYTEVKTVTVKISQKNS
Number of residues501
Molecular Weight54861.44
Theoretical pI6.71
GO Classification
Functions
  • retinal dehydrogenase activity
  • androgen binding
  • benzaldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
  • GTPase activator activity
  • aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity
  • 3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity
Processes
  • retinol metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
  • positive regulation of GTPase activity
  • ethanol oxidation
  • xenobiotic metabolic process
  • cellular aldehyde metabolic process
Components
  • cytoplasm
  • cytosol
  • extracellular exosome
General FunctionRetinal dehydrogenase activity
Specific FunctionBinds free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Can convert/oxidize retinaldehyde to retinoic acid (By similarity).
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane RegionsNot Available
GenBank Protein ID178372
UniProtKB IDP00352
UniProtKB Entry NameAL1A1_HUMAN
Cellular LocationCytoplasm
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016130|Retinal dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1)
ATGTCATCCTCAGGCACGCCAGACTTACCTGTCCTACTCACCGATTTGAAGATTCAATAT
ACTAAGATCTTCATAAACAATGAATGGCATGATTCAGTGAGTGGCAAGAAATTTCCTGTC
TTTAATCCTGCAACTGAGGAGGAGCTCTGCCAGGTAGAAGAAGGAGATAAGGAGGATGTT
GACAAGGCAGTGAAGGCCGCAAGACAGGCTTTTCAGATTGGATCCCCGTGGCGTACTATG
GATGCTTCCGAGAGGGGGCGACTATTATACAAGTTGGCTGATTTAATCGAAAGAGATCGT
CTGCTGCTGGCGACAATGGAGTCAATGAATGGTGGAAAACTCTATTCCAATGCATATCTG
AATGATTTAGCAGGCTGCATCAAAACATTGCGCTACTGTGCAGGTTGGGCTGACAAGATC
CAGGGCCGTACAATACCAATTGATGGAAATTTTTTTACATATACAAGACATGAACCTATT
GGTGTATGTGGCCAAATCATTCCTTGGAATTTCCCGTTGGTTATGCTCATTTGGAAGATA
GGGCCTGCACTGAGCTGTGGAAACACAGTGGTTGTCAAACCAGCAGAGCAAACTCCTCTC
ACTGCTCTCCACGTGGCATCTTTAATAAAAGAGGCAGGGTTTCCTCCTGGAGTAGTGAAT
ATTGTTCCTGGTTATGGGCCTACAGCAGGGGCAGCCATTTCTTCTCACATGGATATAGAC
AAAGTAGCCTTCACAGGATCAACAGAGGTTGGCAAGTTGATCAAAGAAGCTGCCGGGAAA
AGCAATCTGAAGAGGGTGACCCTGGAGCTTGGAGGAAAGAGCCCTTGCATTGTGTTAGCT
GATGCCGACTTGGACAATGCTGTTGAATTTGCACACCATGGGGTATTCTACCACCAGGGC
CAGTGTTGTATAGCCGCATCCAGGATTTTTGTGGAAGAATCAATTTATGATGAGTTTGTT
CGAAGGAGTGTTGAGCGGGCTAAGAAGTATATCCTTGGAAATCCTCTGACCCCAGGAGTC
ACTCAAGGCCCTCAGATTGACAAGGAACAATATGATAAAATACTTGACCTCATTGAGAGT
GGGAAGAAAGAAGGGGCCAAACTGGAATGTGGAGGAGGCCCGTGGGGGAATAAAGGCTAC
TTTGTCCAGCCCACAGTGTTCTCTAATGTTACAGATGAGATGCGCATTGCCAAAGAGGAG
ATTTTTGGACCAGTGCAGCAAATCATGAAGTTTAAATCTTTAGATGACGTGATCAAAAGA
GCAAACAATACTTTCTATGGCTTATCAGCAGGAGTGTTTACCAAAGACATTGATAAAGCC
ATAACAATCTCCTCTGCTCTGCAGGCAGGAACAGTGTGGGTGAATTGCTATGGCGTGGTA
AGTGCCCAGTGCCCCTTTGGTGGATTCAAGATGTCTGGAAATGGAAGAGAACTGGGAGAG
TACGGTTTCCATGAATATACAGAGGTCAAAACAGTCACAGTGAAAATCTCTCAGAAGAAC
TCATAA
GenBank Gene IDM31994
GeneCard IDNot Available
GenAtlas IDALDH1A1
HGNC IDHGNC:402
Chromosome Location9
Locus9q21.13
References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Yoshida A: Genomic structure of the human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1989 Nov;5(4):857-65. 2591967
  2. Zheng CF, Wang TT, Weiner H: Cloning and expression of the full-length cDNAS encoding human liver class 1 and class 2 aldehyde dehydrogenase. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993 Aug;17(4):828-31. 8214422
  3. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. 15164053
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. 15489334
  5. Yoshida A, Hsu LC, Yanagawa Y: Biological role of human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase 1: hormonal response, retinal oxidation and implication in testicular feminization. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;328:37-44. 8493914
  6. Hempel J, von Bahr-Lindstrom H, Jornvall H: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver. Primary structure of the cytoplasmic isoenzyme. Eur J Biochem. 1984 May 15;141(1):21-35. 6723659
  7. Yoshida A, Ikawa M, Hsu LC, Tani K: Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. Alcohol. 1985 Jan-Feb;2(1):103-6. 4015823
  8. Hsu LC, Tani K, Fujiyoshi T, Kurachi K, Yoshida A: Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3771-5. 2987944
  9. Abriola DP, Fields R, Stein S, MacKerell AD Jr, Pietruszko R: Active site of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 1987 Sep 8;26(18):5679-84. 3676276
  10. Agarwal DP, Cohn P, Goedde HW, Hempel J: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes: structural relationship to the liver cytosolic isozyme. Enzyme. 1989;42(1):47-52. 2776714
  11. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1175371. Epub 2009 Jul 16. 19608861
  12. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. 21269460
  13. Bienvenut WV, Sumpton D, Martinez A, Lilla S, Espagne C, Meinnel T, Giglione C: Comparative large scale characterization of plant versus mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha-acetylation features. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2012 Jun;11(6):M111.015131. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M111.015131. Epub 2012 Jan 5. 22223895
  14. Bian Y, Song C, Cheng K, Dong M, Wang F, Huang J, Sun D, Wang L, Ye M, Zou H: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. J Proteomics. 2014 Jan 16;96:253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Nov 22. 24275569